Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography expert witnesses practice in a variety of fields, including gastroenterology, hepatology, pancreaticobiliary surgery, and interventional endoscopy. Some of the most common specialties include ERCP complication analysis, standard of care review, informed consent, and procedure-related risk assessment. They can opine on the effects of ERCP on patient outcomes, biliary and pancreatic injury, infection, and medical malpractice liability.